Task 5

Simile

1.      Your heart as brave as a lion

2.      Your smile is so bright such as a diamond in the sky

3.      He works hard as if tomorrow never comes

4.      Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time, and sometimes you weep

5.      His skin was as cold as ice

Metaphor

1.      Hope is a candle in the dark

2.      Mass media is watch dogAll the world's a stage

3.      I got cold feet before I was supposed to talk in class.

4.      I felt the weight of the world on my shoulders.

5.      I have butter fingers today; I keep dropping things.

Allusion

1. “Don’t act like a Romeo in front of her.”

“Romeo” is a reference to Shakespeare’s Romeo, a passionate lover of Juliet, in “Romeo and Juliet”.

2. The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora’s box of crimes.

This is an allusion to one of Greek Mythology’s origin myth, “Pandora’s box”.

3. “This place is like a Garden of Eden.”

This is a biblical allusion to the “garden of God” in the Book of Genesis.

4. “Hey! Guess who the new Newton of our school is?”

“Newton”, means a genius student, alludes to a famous scientist Isaac Newton.

5. “Stop acting like my ex-husband please.”

Apart from scholarly allusions we refer to common people and places in our speech.

Task 4

The following are the different translation procedures that Newmark (1988b) proposes:

1. Transference: it is the process of transferring an SL word to a TL text. It includes transliteration and is the same as what Harvey (2000:5) named "transcription."

Example           1. My uncle works as supervisor in that company :Pamankubekerjasebagaisupervisor di perusahanity

2. Jack is a master in mathematic : Jack adalahseorang master di matematika.

2. Naturalization: it adapts the SL word first to the normal pronunciation, then to the normal morphology of the TL. (Newmark, 1988b:82)

Example          1.psychology = psikologi

                        2.photo            = foto

3. Cultural equivalent: it means replacing a cultural word in the SL with a TL one. however, "they are not accurate" (Newmark, 1988b:83)

Example          1. Mini baseball = kasti

                        2.pedicab            = becak

4. Functional equivalent: it requires the use of a culture-neutral word. (Newmark, 1988b:83)

Example          1.Hanbok (Korea)                   = Kebaya

                        2.Sambrero (Meksiko) = Blankon

5. Descriptive equivalent:in this procedure the meaning of the CBT is explained in several words. (Newmark, 1988b:83)

Example          1.Panettone = the traditional cookies from Italy that we can eat in every new year party

                        2.BirPletok = the traditional drinks from Betawi that’s mnde by ginger

6. Componential analysis: it means "comparing an SL word with a TL word which has a similar meaning but is not an obvious one-to-one equivalent, by demonstrating first their common and then their differing sense components." (Newmark, 1988b:114)

Example          1.Clean clothes = washed clothes,  through.

                        2.clean water = water you can see

7. Synonymy: it is a "near TL equivalent." Here economy trumps accuracy. (Newmark, 1988b:84)

Example          1.Smart  = clever = brainy

                        2.honest = fair = frank = truthful

8. Through-translation: it is the literal translation of common collocations, names of organizations and components of compounds. It can also be called: calque or loan translation. (Newmark, 1988b:84)

Example          1. Normal school = sekolah normal

                        2.Manchester University = Universitas Manchester

9. Shifts or transpositions: it involves a change in the grammar from SL to TL, for instance, (i) change from singular to plural, (ii) the change required when a specific SL structure does not exist in the TL, (iii) change of an SL verb to a TL word, change of an SL noun group to a TL noun and so forth. (Newmark, 1988b:86)

Example          1. Children = our children

                        2.succeed = success

10. Modulation: it occurs when the translator reproduces the message of the original text in the TL text in conformity with the current norms of the TL, since the SL and the TL may appear dissimilar in terms of perspective. (Newmark, 1988b:88)

Example          1.Youre going to have a nephew  =andaakanjaditante

2.The laws of Germany govern this Agreement. = PerjanjianinidiaturolehhukumJerman.

11. Recognized translation: it occurs when the translator "normally uses the official or the generally accepted translation of any institutional term." (Newmark, 1988b:89)

Example          1. United Kingdom = Britannia

                        2.Uni Soviet = USSR (Uni Soviet Socialist Republic)

12. Compensation: it occurs when loss of meaning in one part of a sentence is compensated in another part. (Newmark, 1988b:90)

Example          1.Vengeance is mine!àSaatnyabalasdendam

                        2.have a good time ! = bersenang-senanglah !

13. Paraphrase: in this procedure the meaning of the CBT is explained. Here the explanation is much more detailed than that of descriptive equivalent. (Newmark, 1988b:91)

Example          1.Hypsiphobia (suatu kondisi dimana seseorang merasa amat sangat takut ketika ia berada di Ketinggian)

                        2.Hydrophobia (suatu kondisi dimana seseorang merasa takut yang amat sangat ketika melihat air)

14. Couplets: it occurs when the translator combines two different procedures. (Newmark, 1988b:91)

Example          1.menu (menu) => transference and naturalization

                        2.data (data) => transference and naturalization

15. Notes: notes are additional information in a translation. (Newmark, 1988b:91)

Example          1.PS : Milky Way is a galaxy = NB : BimaSaktiadalahsebuah galaxy

2.Spoiler : Fast and Furious 7 will be display on 2015 = Bocoran : Fust and Furious akantayangpadatahun 2015